The 32 Mexico states, explained [with free map!]
Hereโs a travel guide to the 32 Mexico states with information on things to do, best time to visit, and more!
Hola! If youโre planning a trip to Mexico, it is easier to do it by state. Each Mexico states has its own unique and exciting travel destinations which makes all of them worth exploring!
Mexico is a country of vast and diverse landscapes, from the snow-capped peaks of the Sierra Madre Oriental to the tropical jungles of Chiapas.
From the ancient ruins of Teotihuacan to the modern metropolises of Mexico City and Guadalajra, Mexico has plenty to offer travelers. Mexico has many distinct regions with unique cultures, traditions, and customs!
States of Mexico Map
Mexico is a federal republic comprised of 32 federal entities: 31 states and one federal district, known as Mexico City, which serves as the countryโs capital and seat of government.
The division of Mexico into states is similar to the way the United States is divided, with each state having a significant degree of autonomy in its internal affairs.
The states are further divided into municipalities (municipios), the smallest administrative political entity in the country, of which there are over 2,400 across Mexico.
Today, Mexico is one of the worldโs most populous countries and a significant political and economic power in the Americas.
Hereโs an overview about traveling the 32 Mexico states including information on things to do , cuisine, best time to visit, airports, and more!
1. Aguascalientes State
Aguascalientes (Hot Springs), one of the smallest Mexico states, is located in the northern part of the Bajรญo region.
Aguascalientes is known for its vibrant San Marcos National Fair, which draws visitors from across Mexico and beyond, offering a colorful blend of music, food, and cultural exhibitions.
The state also boasts a rich history in textiles and railroads, with numerous museums and historical sites that explore its industrial and cultural heritage.
The cuisine of Aguascalientes is a delightful mix of traditional Mexican flavors, known for dishes like birria (a spicy meat stew), enchiladas queretanas, and the sweet, guava-filled pastries known as dulce de guayaba.
The best time to visit Aguascalientes is during the San Marcos National Fair, which typically takes place from mid-April to the first week of May. This period offers the most vibrant cultural experiences and pleasant weather.
The months of October and November are also good, with cooler temperatures and fewer crowds.
Top 3 things to do in Aguas Calientes:
- Visit the San Marcos National Fair, where you can experience one of Mexicoโs largest and most traditional fairs, featuring concerts, rodeos, and a variety of culinary delights.
- Explore the historic center of Aguascalientes, with its beautiful plazas, colonial architecture, and the majestic Government Palace.
- Lastly, the Aguascalientes Museum offers insights into the stateโs history and culture, showcasing art and artifacts that span from pre-Hispanic times to the present.
STATES OF MEXICO
Aguascalientes
2. Baja California State
Baja California is one of the best Mexico states known for its dramatic landscapes, ranging from the rugged Pacific coastline to the stark beauty of the desert.
Itโs a haven for outdoor enthusiasts, offering world-class surfing, wine tasting in the Valle de Guadalupe, and the unique cultural blend of border towns like Tijuana.
Baja Californiaโs cuisine is a testament to its coastal location, with seafood taking center stage. The state is the birthplace of the famed Baja fish taco, featuring freshly caught fish in a light batter, served in a corn tortilla with crisp cabbage and creamy sauce.
The Mediterranean climate of the Valle de Guadalupe also influences the local cuisine, incorporating fresh, locally-sourced ingredients into its dishes.
The ideal time to visit Baja California is from May to October when the weather is warm and dry, making it perfect for exploring the beaches and outdoor activities.
The grape harvest season in August and September is especially appealing for wine enthusiasts looking to experience the Valle de Guadalupe at its liveliest.
Top 3 things to do in Baja California:
- Explore the Valle de Guadalupe, Mexicoโs premier wine region, where you can tour vineyards and taste exquisite wines.
- Visit the Tijuana Cultural Center (CECUT) to immerse yourself in the vibrant arts scene of the region.
- Adventure seekers should not miss the opportunity to surf the waves at Rosarito or Ensenada, where the Pacific Ocean offers some of the best surf spots in Mexico.
STATES OF MEXICO
Baja California
3. Baja California Sur State: one of the most-visited Mexico states
Baja California Sur is known for its stunning natural landscapes, encompassing pristine beaches, crystal-clear waters, and the dramatic desert backdrop of the Sierra de la Laguna mountains.
Of all the Mexico states, it is a premier destination for luxury travel, eco-tourism, and marine activities, particularly in Los Cabos and La Paz, where visitors can enjoy world-class fishing, snorkeling, and whale watching.
The cuisine of Baja California Sur is heavily influenced by its access to some of the freshest seafood in Mexico. Dishes like ceviche, made with locally caught fish and seafood, and the chocolate clams, a regional delicacy, are must-tries.
The stateโs coastal and desert climates also contribute to a unique agricultural bounty, featured prominently in local dishes.
The best time to visit Baja California Sur is from November to May, when the weather is pleasantly warm, and the risk of rain is minimal. This period also coincides with the whale watching season, offering visitors a chance to see these magnificent creatures in their natural habitat.
Top 3 things to do in Baja Sur:
- Visit Cabo San Lucas and San Josรฉ del Cabo, collectively known as Los Cabos, where luxury resorts, vibrant nightlife, and stunning beaches await.
- Explore the marine wonders of the Sea of Cortez in La Paz, often referred to as โThe Aquarium of the World,โ by snorkeling or diving with sea lions and whale sharks.
- Take a trip to the artistโs oasis of Todos Santos, a Pueblo Mรกgico, known for its bohemian vibe, art galleries, and the famous Hotel California.
STATES OF MEXICO
Baja California Sur
4. Campeche State
Campeche is celebrated for its well-preserved colonial heritage, encapsulated within the UNESCO World Heritage-listed fortified city of Campeche, replete with colorful buildings, cobblestone streets, and historic walls.
Additionally, is is one of the Mexico states that offer access to significant Mayan archaeological sites like Calakmul, nestled in the heart of a vast tropical forest, providing a unique glimpse into the ancient Maya civilization.
Campecheโs cuisine reflects its coastal location, with seafood dishes such as pan de cazon, a traditional shark meat pie layered with tortillas, beans, and tomato sauce, standing out.
The use of local herbs and spices, along with achiote and habanero peppers, adds distinctive flavors to the regionโs dishes. Camaroncillos al mojo de ajo (baby shrimp in garlic sauce) is another local favorite, showcasing the fresh catch from the Gulf of Mexico.
The optimal time to visit Campeche is between December and April, when the weather is dry and cooler, making it ideal for exploring the outdoor historical sites and enjoying the beaches. This period avoids the heavy rains and high humidity of the summer months.
Top 3 things to do in Campeche state:
- Explore the historic fortified city of Campeche, walking along its ancient walls and discovering its bastions, museums, and colonial architecture.
- Venture into the Calakmul Biosphere Reserve, one of Mexicoโs largest protected areas, to visit the majestic Mayan ruins of Calakmul, surrounded by a rich biodiversity.
- Enjoy the tranquil beaches and natural reserves along the Campeche coast, offering serene spots for relaxation and wildlife observation.
STATES OF MEXICO
Campeche
5. Chiapas State
Chiapas is one of the Mexico states with immense natural beauty and cultural richness, home to the stunning Sumidero Canyon, the lush Lacandon Jungle, and the ancient Mayan ruins of Palenque, Bonampak, and Yaxchilรกn.
Its diverse landscapes and indigenous cultures make it a fascinating destination for those interested in history, nature, and traditional ways of life.
Chiapasโ cuisine is a blend of indigenous and Spanish influences, with dishes often featuring corn, beans, and locally grown coffee. Tamales chiapanecos, steamed corn dough filled with a savory or sweet mixture, wrapped in banana leaves, are a traditional staple.
The state is also known for its unique Chiapas cheese, a fresh cheese thatโs often used in local recipes.
The best time to visit Chiapas is during the dry season from November to April, when the weather is more favorable for outdoor activities and exploration. This period also coincides with several cultural festivals, offering a deeper insight into the stateโs rich traditions and customs.
Top 3 things to do in Chiapas:
- Explore the ancient Mayan city of Palenque, one of Mexicoโs most significant archaeological sites, set against a backdrop of jungle-clad mountains.
- Take a boat tour through the Sumidero Canyon, marveling at its towering cliffs and abundant wildlife.
- Visit San Cristรณbal de las Casas, a charming colonial town with cobblestone streets, colorful markets, and a vibrant indigenous culture, serving as a gateway to the surrounding indigenous communities.
STATES OF MEXICO
Chiapas
6. Chihuahua State
Chihuahua, one of the largest Mexico states, is known for its diverse landscapes that include vast deserts, rugged mountains, and deep canyons, such as the spectacular Copper Canyon, larger and deeper than the Grand Canyon.
Itโs also rich in history and culture, with a legacy of the Mexican Revolution and ancient indigenous communities like the Rarรกmuri, still preserving their traditional way of life.
Chihuahuaโs cuisine is characterized by its hearty dishes, with beef and dairy products playing a significant role. The state is famous for its quality cheeses, especially the queso menonita.
Another local favorite is โburritos,โ originally from Chihuahua, typically filled with savory meat and beans, and โcaldo de oso,โ a unique stew made from bear meat, though now more commonly prepared with beef.
The ideal time to visit Chihuahua is from October to March, when the weather is cooler and more comfortable for exploring the outdoors. This period is also optimal for visiting the Copper Canyon, as the views are clearer and the risk of rain is lower.
Top 3 things to do in Chihuahua:
- Embark on a journey on the Chihuahua al Pacifico Railway (El Chepe), which winds through the majestic Copper Canyon, offering breathtaking views and unique cultural experiences.
- Visit the historic city of Chihuahua, where you can explore the Museum of the Mexican Revolution and the beautiful colonial architecture.
- Adventure enthusiasts can hike or run in the Sierra Tarahumara, experiencing the natural beauty of the canyons and the culture of the Rarรกmuri people.
STATES OF MEXICO
Chihuahua
7. Coahuila State
Coahuila is one of the not-so-popular Mexico states, known for its diverse landscapes, from the arid deserts in the north to the lush forests in the south, and for being a significant part of Mexicoโs wine country, particularly in the Parras de la Fuente region.
It also has a rich history, with numerous paleontological sites and colonial towns, reflecting a blend of cultures and epochs.
Coahuilaโs cuisine is known for its beef dishes, reflecting its ranching culture, with cabrito (roast goat) and carne asada being local favorites. The stateโs vineyards also contribute to a growing gourmet scene, pairing local wines with innovative dishes.
Traditional northern Mexican sweets, such as cajeta (caramelized goatโs milk) and leche quemada (burnt milk candy), are also popular.
The best time to visit Coahuila is during the spring (March to May) and fall (September to November) months, when the weather is more temperate and pleasant for outdoor activities and exploring the wine country.
Top 3 things to do in Coahuila:
- Explore the Museo del Desierto in Saltillo to learn about the regionโs paleontological history, including dinosaur fossils found in Coahuila.
- Visit Parras de la Fuente, a picturesque town famed for its vineyards and wineries, offering tours and tastings.
- The Cuatro Ciรฉnegas Biosphere Reserve is a must-see, with its unique gypsum dunes and crystal-clear pools, showcasing extraordinary biodiversity.
STATES OF MEXICO
Coahuila
8. Colima State
Colima is one of the smallest Mexico states, celebrated for its small but vibrant cultural scene, active volcanoes like the Volcรกn de Colima, and beautiful Pacific coast beaches.
The state offers a mix of natural beauty, from mountainous landscapes to tropical beaches, along with a rich archaeological history and laid-back coastal towns.
Colimaโs cuisine features a variety of seafood dishes, including โsopa de mariscosโ (seafood soup) and โpescado a la tallaโ (grilled fish), reflecting its coastal location. The state is also known for its unique tamales filled with sweet or savory ingredients, wrapped in banana leaves.
The ideal time to visit Colima is from November to April, when the weather is dry and cooler, making it perfect for beach activities and exploring the natural and urban landscapes.
Top 3 things to do in Colima:
- Climb or visit the Volcรกn de Colima, one of Mexicoโs most active volcanoes, for hiking and stunning views.
- Enjoy the serene beaches of Manzanillo, a popular destination for snorkeling, diving, and fishing.
- Explore the capital, Colima City, to discover its colonial architecture, museums, and local markets featuring traditional crafts and foods.
STATES OF MEXICO
Colima
9. Durango State
Durango is famous for its rugged terrain, including the Sierra Madre Occidental mountain range, and its rich history in the mining industry.
This is one of the Mexico states that has a vibrant cultural heritage, with well-preserved colonial architecture in its capital, and it has served as the backdrop for numerous Hollywood films, earning it the nickname โLand of Cinema.โ
Durangoโs cuisine is known for its hearty dishes, such as โcaldo de osoโ (a stew made with a variety of meats and chiles) and โvenado al estilo Durangoโ (venison Durango style). The state is also famous for its traditional candies and sweets made from quince, milk, and nuts.
The best months to visit Durango are from June to September, when the weather is warmer, and the landscape is lush and green, perfect for outdoor activities. This season also coincides with the Durango National Fair, a major cultural event featuring music, dance, and traditional foods.
Top 3 things to do in Durango:
- Explore the historic center of Durango City, with its colonial buildings, museums, and the impressive Cathedral Basilica.
- Adventure seekers can explore the Mexican โOld Westโ at Villas del Oeste, a theme park that recreates the ambiance of Western movies.
- For nature enthusiasts, the Ecological Park of Durango offers hiking, zip-lining, and the opportunity to explore the regionโs diverse flora and fauna.
STATES OF MEXICO
Durango
10. Guanajuato State
Guanajuato is a cultural and historical gem, known for its stunning colonial architecture, vibrant arts scene, and the annual Cervantino Festival, one of Latin Americaโs largest and most prestigious cultural events.
The stateโs rich mining history is also evident in its picturesque towns and cities, with colorful buildings and narrow, winding streets that tell stories of the past. It is one of the Mexico states that has beautiful colonial architecture.
Guanajuatoโs cuisine reflects its agricultural richness, with dishes like โenchiladas minerasโ (minerโs enchiladas) and โguacamayas,โ a local street food consisting of a crispy pork sandwich.
The best time to visit Guanajuato is from October to May, when the weather is pleasant, and the risk of rain is low. This period includes the International Cervantino Festival in October, a highlight for arts and culture enthusiasts.
Top 3 things to do in Guanajuato state:
- Wander through the historic alleys and underground tunnels of Guanajuato City, a UNESCO World Heritage site, marveling at its colorful buildings and lively plazas.
- Visit the ancient city of San Miguel de Allende, renowned for its beautiful colonial architecture, thriving arts scene, and cultural festivals.
- Explore the ruins of the La Valenciana Mine, which once produced immense wealth and contributed to the cityโs prosperity during the colonial era.
STATES OF MEXICO
Guanajuato
11. Guerrero
Guerrero is renowned for its stunning Pacific coast, including the famous resort city of Acapulco, which has long been a favorite destination for both Mexican and international tourists seeking sun, sand, and sea.
Is it also one of the Mexico states that boast a rich cultural heritage, with vibrant traditions, music, and dance, particularly the famous โTianguis de Plataโ (Silver Market) in Taxco, a town known for its silver craftsmanship.
Guerreroโs cuisine is a flavorful mix of indigenous and Spanish influences, featuring fresh seafood, tropical fruits, and traditional dishes like โpozole verdeโ (a hearty soup made with hominy, chicken, and green salsa) and โtamales de iguana.โ
The ideal time to visit the states of Guerrero is from November to April, during the dry season, when the weather is perfect for beach activities and exploring the stateโs cultural attractions. This period also avoids the heavy rains of the summer months.
Top 3 things to do in Guerrero state:
- Relax on the beautiful beaches of Acapulco, Zihuatanejo, and Ixtapa, enjoying water sports, luxury resorts, and the famous cliff divers of La Quebrada.
- Explore the colonial town of Taxco, wandering its cobblestone streets, visiting the Santa Prisca Church, and shopping for handmade silver jewelry.
- Visit the archaeological site of Xochicalco, a pre-Columbian fortified city that offers insight into the regionโs ancient civilizations.
STATES OF MEXICO
Guerrero
12. Hidalgo State
Hidalgo is one of the Mexico states known for its rich mining history, stunning natural landscapes, including the Basaltic Prisms of Santa Marรญa Regla, and the beautiful architecture of its towns and villages.
The state has a strong cultural identity, with a variety of traditions, festivals, and thermal springs that have been used since the pre-Hispanic times.
Hidalgoโs cuisine is characterized by dishes such as โpasteโ (Cornish pasties), introduced by British miners, and โbarbacoa,โ a traditional method of cooking meat (usually lamb) in a pit covered with maguey leaves.
The state is also known for its โpulque,โ a fermented beverage made from the sap of the maguey plant.
The best time to visit Hidalgo is from March to May and from September to November, when the weather is mild and pleasant, ideal for exploring the natural and historical sites.
Top 3 things to do in Hidalgo State:
- Visit the Basaltic Prisms of Santa Marรญa Regla, a natural geological formation that is one of Mexicoโs most unique landscapes.
- Soak in the thermal springs found in various parts of the state, such as the Grutas de Tolantongo, a set of hot springs, caves, and a tunnel located in a breathtaking canyon.
- Explore the town of Real del Monte, a charming mining town with a strong Cornish influence, known for its pasties and silver mines.
STATES OF MEXICO
Hidalgo
13. Jalisco State
Jalisco is the birthplace of many iconic Mexican symbols, including mariachi music, tequila, and the sombrero.
It is one of the many Mexico states that boast a diverse landscape, from the beautiful beaches of Puerto Vallarta to the agave fields of Tequila and the bustling metropolis of Guadalajara.
Jaliscoโs cuisine is known for dishes such as โbirriaโ (a spicy stew made with goat or beef), โtorta ahogadaโ (a โdrownedโ sandwich in spicy sauce), and โpozoleโ (a hominy soup with pork or chicken), reflecting the stateโs agricultural diversity.
The region is also famous for its sweets, including โjericallaโ (a type of flan) and tequila-infused desserts.
The best time to visit Jalisco is from November to April, when the weather is dry and mild, ideal for exploring cities, beaches, and tequila distilleries.
Top 3 things to do in Jalisco state:
- Tour the town of Tequila to learn about the production of Mexicoโs most famous spirit, including visits to distilleries and agave fields.
- Experience the vibrant culture of Guadalajara, Jaliscoโs capital, with its historic architecture, museums, and lively mariachi performances.
- Relax on the stunning beaches of Puerto Vallarta, enjoying water sports, gourmet dining, and sunset cruises along the Bay of Banderas.
STATES OF MEXICO
Jalisco
14. Mexico State (Estado de Mรฉxico)
Mexico State surrounds Mexico City on three sides and is a region of contrasts, with bustling urban centers, ancient archaeological sites, and beautiful natural reserves like Nevado de Toluca.
It plays a crucial role in the countryโs history and economy, housing numerous cultural landmarks, colonial towns, and expansive industrial areas.
The cuisine of Mexico State includes dishes such as โbarbacoaโ (slow-cooked meat, usually lamb), โtruchasโ (trout, often served in Valle de Bravo), and โquesadillasโ filled with a variety of ingredients, including huitlacoche and squash blossoms, showcasing the stateโs agricultural products.
The best time to visit Mexico State is during the dry season from November to April, when the weather is cooler and more conducive to outdoor activities, including hiking in Nevado de Toluca and visiting the monarch butterfly sanctuaries.
Top 3 things to do in the state of Mexico:
- Explore the majestic Nevado de Toluca, a large stratovolcano that offers hiking trails to its crater lakes. Visit the colonial town of Valle de Bravo, known for its charming streets, beautiful lake, and as a monarch butterfly sanctuary.
- Discover the ancient ruins of Teotihuacan (though often associated with Mexico City, itโs actually located in Mexico State), where you can climb the Pyramid of the Sun and the Pyramid of the Moon.
STATES OF MEXICO
Mexico State
15. Mexico City State (CDMX): one of the most visited Mexico states
Mexico City, the nationโs capital, is one of the largest and most vibrant cities in the world, rich in history, culture, and art.
It is renowned for its historic center, the Zรณcalo, the ancient Aztec capital of Tenochtitlรกn, and modern attractions. The city is a melting pot of cultures, offering world-class museums, gastronomy, and parks.
Mexico Cityโs cuisine is a reflection of its diverse population, featuring dishes from all over the country, including โtacos al pastorโ (shepherd-style tacos), โchiles en nogada,โ and a vast array of international cuisine.
Street food is an integral part of the cityโs food culture, offering delicious and affordable options like โtlayudasโ and โtlacoyos.โ
The best time to visit Mexico City is between March and May, when the weather is pleasant, and the city is less crowded. This period offers the opportunity to explore outdoor attractions comfortably and participate in cultural events.
Top 3 things to do in Mexico City
- Visit the historic center of Mexico City to see the Metropolitan Cathedral and the National Palace, and explore the ruins of Templo Mayor.
- Experience the vast collection of pre-Hispanic art at the National Museum of Anthropology.
- Take a boat ride through the canals of Xochimilco, enjoying the mariachi bands and the colorful atmosphere.
STATES OF MEXICO
Mexico City
16. Michoacan State
Michoacรกn is one of the Mexico states famous for its rich indigenous heritage, particularly of the Purรฉpecha culture, stunning natural landscapes like the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve, and the beautiful colonial architecture of Morelia.
The stateโs diverse geography includes mountains, lakes, and a coastline along the Pacific Ocean, offering a wide range of activities and experiences.
Michoacรกnโs cuisine is known for its rich flavors and traditional dishes, such as โcarnitasโ (slow-cooked pork), โenchiladas placerasโ (plaza-style enchiladas), and โcorundasโ (triangle-shaped tamales).
The state is also famous for its avocados, being one of the worldโs largest producers.
The ideal time to visit Michoacรกn is from November to March, during the monarch butterfly migration and when the weather is pleasant for exploring the stateโs natural and cultural attractions.
Top 3 things to do in Michoacan state:
- Visit the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve between November and March to witness millions of monarch butterflies that migrate here from North America.
- Explore the UNESCO World Heritage-listed city of Morelia, known for its well-preserved colonial buildings and vibrant cultural scene.
- Relax on the beaches of the Costa Michoacana, enjoying fresh seafood, surf, and natural beauty.
STATES OF MEXICO
Michoacan
17. Morelos State
Morelos is one of the Mexico states celebrated for its eternal spring-like climate, abundant water sources, and lush gardens, making it a popular retreat for those seeking relaxation and natural beauty.
The state has a rich history, evident in the legacy of Emiliano Zapata, and is dotted with Haciendas and archaeological sites like Xochicalco.
Morelosโ cuisine features dishes such as โcecinaโ (salted and dried meat, usually beef or pork), โtamales morelensesโ (tamales filled with various ingredients and wrapped in banana leaves), and โpozoleโ (a traditional soup made with hominy and meat), showcasing the stateโs agricultural produce.
The best time to visit Morelos is from October to May, when the weather is warm and dry, ideal for enjoying the stateโs outdoor attractions, including its gardens, water parks, and archaeological sites.
Top 3 things to do in Morelos state:
- Explore the archaeological site of Xochicalco, a pre-Columbian fortified town that played a significant role in Mesoamerica.
- Visit the Robert Brady Museum in Cuernavaca to view an eclectic collection of art from around the world, housed in a 16th-century hacienda.
- Relax in one of the many spas or thermal water parks in the state, taking advantage of Morelosโ natural springs.
STATES OF MEXICO
Morelos
18. Nayarit State
Nayarit is known for its beautiful Pacific coast, including the popular beach destination of Sayulita, and the Riviera Nayarit.
It is one of the Mexico states that offer a mix of beach resorts, surf spots, and traditional Mexican villages, along with rich biodiversity in areas like the Marietas Islands and the Sierra de San Juan mountain range.
Nayaritโs cuisine is rich in seafood, with dishes like โpescado zarandeadoโ (grilled fish with spices), โaguachileโ (shrimp in a spicy lime sauce), and โtamales nayaritasโ (tamales filled with shrimp or fish).
The best time to visit Nayarit is from November to April, when the weather is dry and sunny, perfect for beach activities and exploring the stateโs natural attractions. This period also avoids the rainy season, ensuring better conditions for travel and outdoor adventures.
Top 3 things to do in Nayarit state:
- Enjoy the beaches and vibrant surf culture of Sayulita, a small town known for its relaxed atmosphere and colorful streets.
- Explore the Islas Marietas National Park, where you can snorkel in clear waters and visit the hidden beach (Playa del Amor).
- Discover the historic town of Tepic, Nayaritโs capital, with its museums, markets, and colonial architecture.
STATES OF MEXICO
Nayarit
19. Nuevo Leon State
Nuevo Leรณn is a state of contrasts, blending industrial might with natural wonders. Itโs home to Monterrey, a dynamic city known for its modern architecture, vibrant business scene, and cultural institutions.
The surrounding landscapes, including the dramatic peaks of the Sierra Madre Oriental and the serene beauty of Chipinque Park, offer outdoor adventures from hiking to rock climbing.
Nuevo Leรณnโs cuisine is one of the most unique in all the Mexico states. Its food is characterized by its emphasis on beef, with dishes like โcabritoโ (roasted kid goat) and โcarne asadaโ (grilled beef) being local specialties.
The state also prides itself on its flour tortillas, considered some of the best in Mexico, often accompanying meals.
The best time to visit Nuevo Leรณn is from October to April, when the weather is cooler and more comfortable for outdoor activities and exploring Monterreyโs urban attractions. This period also avoids the extreme heat of the summer months.
Top 3 things to do in Nuevo Leon state:
- Explore the Fundidora Park in Monterrey, a former steel mill turned into a sprawling urban park, featuring museums, concert venues, and walking trails.
- Take a hike or go rock climbing in the Huasteca Canyon, known for its stunning rock formations and natural beauty.
- Visit the Garcia Caves, a series of impressive caverns showcasing ancient rock formations, accessible through guided tours.
STATES OF MEXICO
Nuevo Leon
20. Oaxaca State
The state of Oaxaca is celebrated for its rich indigenous cultures, vibrant arts scene, and culinary diversity. The stateโs landscape is a tapestry of mountains, valleys, and a pristine coastline, offering a backdrop to its archaeological sites like Monte Albรกn and Mitla.
Oaxaca City, a UNESCO World Heritage site, is a cultural hub with bustling markets, colonial architecture, and an array of festivals celebrating traditional Oaxacan life.
Oaxacaโs cuisine is renowned for its complexity and depth of flavor, with staples like โmoleโ (a rich, complex sauce), โtlayudasโ (large, crispy tortillas with assorted toppings), and โmezcalโ (a smoky agave spirit).
The ideal time to visit Oaxaca is during the dry season from October to May, when the weather is pleasant for exploring both the cultural sites and the beaches. The Guelaguetza festival in July is a highlight, showcasing Oaxacan dance, music, and traditions.
Top 3 things to do in Oaxaca state:
- Visit the ancient ruins of Monte Albรกn, one of Mexicoโs most important archaeological sites, offering insights into the Zapotec civilization.
- Explore the colorful streets of Oaxaca City, tasting local specialties at the Mercado 20 de Noviembre.
- Relax on the beaches of Puerto Escondido or Mazunte, enjoying the laid-back atmosphere and excellent surf conditions.
STATES OF MEXICO
Oaxaca
21. Puebla State
Puebla is known for its stunning colonial architecture, rich culinary traditions, and the iconic Popocatรฉpetl and Iztaccรญhuatl volcanoes. The city of Puebla, a UNESCO World Heritage site, dazzles with its historic center, ornate churches, and streets lined with colorful tiles.
The state is also celebrated for its โTalaveraโ pottery, a fine, hand-painted ceramic that is a symbol of Mexican craftsmanship. Currently, Puebla is among the most industrialized Mexico states.
Pueblaโs cuisine is a cornerstone of Mexican culinary heritage, with โmole poblanoโ (a complex, rich sauce over chicken) being its most famous dish. Other specialties include โchiles en nogadaโ (poblano chiles stuffed with picadillo and covered in a walnut-based sauce), and โcamotesโ (sweet potato candies).
The best time to visit Puebla is from November to April, when the weather is dry and mild, ideal for exploring the city and surrounding natural attractions. The Cinco de Mayo celebrations in Puebla offer a unique cultural experience with parades, reenactments, and festivities.
Top 3 things to do in Puebla state:
- Explore the historic center of Puebla City, visiting the Puebla Cathedral and the Biblioteca Palafoxiana, one of the oldest libraries in the Americas.
- Experience the Great Pyramid of Cholula, the worldโs largest pyramid by volume, offering panoramic views and a glimpse into pre-Columbian history.
- Sample Pueblaโs famous cuisine, including โmole poblanoโ and โchiles en nogada,โ at local markets and restaurants.
STATES OF MEXICO
Puebla
22. Queretaro State
One of the smallest Mexico states, Querรฉtaro is a vibrant state known for its historic center, a UNESCO World Heritage site, with well-preserved colonial architecture, quaint plazas, and cobblestone streets.
The state blends history with modernity, boasting a dynamic economy and thriving wine and cheese routes. Querรฉtaro is also rich in natural beauty, featuring the Sierra Gorda Biosphere Reserve, known for its diverse ecosystems and outdoor activities.
Querรฉtaroโs cuisine reflects its agricultural bounty, with dishes like โenchiladas queretanasโ (enchiladas filled with cheese or meat and topped with a spicy sauce) and โgorditas de migajasโ (corn cakes filled with breadcrumbs and salsa).
The stateโs vineyards and cheese farms also contribute to its gourmet offerings.
The best time to visit Querรฉtaro is from March to May and from September to November, when the weather is pleasant, and the landscape is especially beautiful, perfect for exploring the historic sites and natural reserves.
Top 3 things to do in Queretaro state:
- Wander through the historic center of Querรฉtaro City, visiting landmarks such as the Aqueduct, the Plaza de Armas, and the Church of Santa Clara.
- Explore the Sierra Gorda, engaging in hiking, bird watching, or visiting the Franciscan Missions.
- Discover the wine and cheese routes, sampling local products at vineyards and artisanal cheese farms throughout the state.
STATES OF MEXICO
Queretaro
24. Quintana Roo State: one of the most popular Mexico states
Quintana Roo is famed for its Caribbean coastline, offering some of Mexicoโs most stunning beaches, world-class resorts, and the Mesoamerican Barrier Reef, the second-largest coral reef system in the world.
Destinations like Cancun, Playa del Carmen, and Tulum are renowned for their vibrant nightlife, archaeological sites, and crystal-clear waters. The state is also home to the Sian Kaโan Biosphere Reserve, a UNESCO World Heritage site.
Quintana Rooโs cuisine is a delicious blend of Mayan, Mexican, and Caribbean influences, featuring fresh seafood, tropical fruits, and traditional dishes like โcochinita pibilโ (slow-roasted pork) and โceviche.โ
The ideal time to visit Quintana Roo is from November to March, when the weather is dry and temperate, perfect for beach activities and exploring the Mayan ruins. This period avoids the rainy season and the highest temperatures of the summer months.
Top 3 things to do in Quintana Roo state:
- Explore the ancient Mayan ruins of Tulum, perched atop cliffs overlooking the Caribbean Sea.
- Dive or snorkel in the Great Maya Reef to discover a mesmerizing underwater world of coral formations and marine life.
- Relax on the white sandy beaches of Cancun or the Riviera Maya, enjoying the sun, sea, and array of water sports available.
STATES OF MEXICO
Quintana Roo
25. San Luis Potosi State
San Luis Potosรญ is a state with a rich historical and cultural heritage, featuring stunning colonial architecture, vibrant indigenous communities, and diverse landscapes, from the arid desert of the Altiplano to the lush Huasteca Potosina region.
It is one of the Mexico states that played a significant role in history, particularly during the Mexican Revolution, and its capital of the same name is a testament to its storied past.
San Luis Potosรญโs cuisine reflects its geographic and cultural diversity, with dishes such as โenchiladas potosinasโ (spicy cheese-stuffed tortillas), โcecinaโ (dried and salted meat), and โfiambre potosinoโ (a cold meat and vegetable dish).
The best time to visit San Luis Potosรญ is from November to April, when the weather is drier and cooler, making it more comfortable to explore the cityโs attractions and the natural beauty of the Huasteca Potosina.
Top 3 things to do in San Luis Potosi state:
- Discover the Surrealist Garden of Edward James in Xilitla, a unique artistic creation set amidst the tropical rainforest of the Huasteca Potosina.
- Explore the historic center of San Luis Potosรญ city, admiring its beautiful colonial buildings and plazas.
- Venture into the Huasteca Potosina to experience its breathtaking waterfalls, rivers, and caves, ideal for adventure sports like kayaking, rappelling, and swimming.
STATES OF MEXICO
San Luis Potosi
25. Sinaloa State
Sinaloa is celebrated for its vibrant musical heritage, particularly as the birthplace of banda music, and its extensive coastline along the Pacific Ocean, offering some of Mexicoโs best seafood.
The stateโs agriculture is also noteworthy, often called the โbreadbasketโ of Mexico, producing a vast array of fruits and vegetables.
Sinaloaโs cuisine is famous for its seafood, with dishes like โaguachileโ (shrimp marinated in lime juice and chilies) and โceviche.โ The state is also known for its โchilorioโ (spicy pork) and โmachacaโ (dried meat), showcasing the diversity of its culinary traditions.
The ideal time to visit Sinaloa is from November to April, when the weather is cooler and drier, making it pleasant to enjoy the beaches and outdoor activities without the intense heat and humidity of the summer months.
Top 3 things to do in Sinaloa state:
- Enjoy the beaches and aquatic activities in Mazatlรกn, a resort town known for its historic center and vibrant nightlife.
- Attend a live banda music performance in Culiacรกn or Mazatlรกn, experiencing the rich musical culture of the region.
- Explore the town of El Fuerte, a gateway to the Copper Canyon and a historic center of indigenous and colonial history.
STATES OF MEXICO
Sinaloa
26. Sonora State
Sonora is known for its vast deserts, including the Sonoran Desert, which is one of the most biodiverse deserts in the world, and its beautiful beaches along the Sea of Cortez.
The state has a rich history of indigenous cultures, such as the Yaqui and Seri, and a strong ranching and cowboy culture.
Sonoraโs cuisine is renowned for its beef, particularly its high-quality carne asada, which is a staple of the local diet. The state is also famous for its flour tortillas, larger and thinner than those found in other parts of Mexico, and โcoyotas,โ a traditional sweet pastry filled with brown sugar.
The best time to visit Sonora is from November to April, when the weather is cooler, making it more comfortable to explore the desert landscapes and enjoy the coastal areas without the extreme heat of the summer months.
Top 3 things to do in Sonora:
- Explore the natural beauty of the Pinacate Biosphere Reserve, a UNESCO World Heritage site known for its volcanic craters and unique desert landscapes.
- Enjoy the tranquil beaches and rich marine life of San Carlos, with opportunities for diving, fishing, and kayaking.
- Experience the traditions and crafts of the indigenous Seri community, particularly their intricate basket weaving and ironwood carvings.
STATES OF MEXICO
Sonora
27. Tabasco State
Tabasco is one of the Mexico states distinguished by its lush tropical landscapes, extensive rivers, and rich Olmec heritage, considered one of the earliest civilizations in Mesoamerica.
The state is a major producer of cacao, which is deeply ingrained in its culture, and its capital, Villahermosa, houses the Parque-Museo La Venta, showcasing Olmec artifacts.
Tabascoโs cuisine features a variety of seafood and tropical fruits, with dishes like โpejelagartoโ (a local fish) prepared in various ways, โtamal de chipilรญnโ (tamales wrapped in chipilรญn leaves), and chocolate made from locally grown cacao.
The best time to visit Tabasco is during the dry season from December to April, when the weather is more manageable for exploring the stateโs archaeological sites and natural attractions without the heavy rainfall common in other months.
Top 3 things to do in Tabasco:
- Visit the Parque-Museo La Venta in Villahermosa to see Olmec colossal heads and other archaeological artifacts in an outdoor museum setting.
- Explore the Pantanos de Centla, a biosphere reserve that is one of the most important wetlands in North America, offering bird watching and boat tours.
- Experience the cacao route, learning about the cultivation and production of chocolate from bean to bar at local haciendas.
STATES OF MEXICO
Tabasco
28. Tamaulipas State
Tamaulipas is known for its diverse ecosystems, ranging from the Gulf of Mexicoโs beaches to the rugged Sierra Madre Oriental mountains.
The state has a rich history of border culture, blending Mexican and Texan influences, and is an important area for bird watching, especially in the biosphere reserve of El Cielo.
Tamaulipasโ cuisine reflects its coastal and ranching cultures, with seafood dishes like โjaibaโ (crab) and โcevicheโ being popular, as well as northern-style โcarne asadaโ and โcabritoโ (roasted goat).
The state is also known for its fresh cheeses and โchorreadasโ (corn dough pancakes).
The best time to visit Tamaulipas is from October to April, when the weather is cooler and more pleasant for outdoor activities, including exploring natural reserves and enjoying the coastal areas.
Top 3 things to do in Tamaulipas:
- Explore the El Cielo Biosphere Reserve, a UNESCO site that offers a diverse range of flora and fauna, ideal for hiking and bird watching.
- Visit the colonial town of Tula, known for its traditional architecture and historical sites.
- Enjoy the coastal beauty of Tampico, where you can relax on the beaches or explore the historic center and the unique architecture of the Paseo de la Cortadura.
STATES OF MEXICO
Tamaulipas
29. Tlaxcala State
Tlaxcala, the smallest of all Mexico states, boasts a rich history dating back to its status as a pre-Hispanic city-state that maintained its independence from the Aztec Empire.
The state is known for its well-preserved colonial architecture, vibrant festivals, and significant archaeological sites, such as Cacaxtla and Xochitรฉcatl, which showcase its complex cultural heritage.
Tlaxcalaโs cuisine is known for its traditional dishes, such as โbarbacoa de polloโ (chicken barbacoa), โtlacoyosโ (stuffed corn dough patties), and โmole de guajoloteโ (turkey mole), which reflect the stateโs agricultural traditions and culinary heritage.
The best time to visit Tlaxcala is from March to May, when the weather is pleasant, and the landscapes are lush, making it ideal for exploring the stateโs archaeological sites and enjoying its natural beauty.
Top 3 things to do in Tlaxcala:
- Visit the Cacaxtla-Xochitรฉcatl archaeological sites to explore ancient ruins featuring well-preserved murals and structures that provide insight into pre-Columbian life.
- Wander through the streets of Tlaxcalaโs capital, admiring its colonial buildings, colorful facades, and the Tlaxcala Cathedral.
- Participate in the vibrant Carnival of Tlaxcala, one of the stateโs most important cultural celebrations, featuring traditional dances, costumes, and parades.
STATES OF MEXICO
Tlaxcala
30. Veracruz State
Veracruz is known for its rich cultural heritage, including its music and dance, particularly the son jarocho, and its significant historical importance as a port city.
The state features diverse landscapes, from the white sandy beaches along the Gulf of Mexico to the lush mountains and jungles of the interior. Veracruz is also home to El Tajรญn, a UNESCO World Heritage site and one of the most important pre-Columbian archaeological sites in Mexico.
Veracruzโs cuisine is renowned for its seafood, with dishes like โhuachinango a la veracruzanaโ (red snapper in a tomato-based sauce) and โarroz a la tumbadaโ (a seafood and rice dish).
This is one of the Mexico states that has great coffee, particularly from the Coatepec region, which is also highly regarded.
The best time to visit Veracruz is from November to April, when the weather is drier and cooler, ideal for exploring the archaeological sites and enjoying the outdoor cafes and beaches without the intense heat and humidity.
Top 3 things to do in Veracruz state:
- Explore the archaeological site of El Tajรญn, marveling at its unique pyramid structures and rich history.
- Enjoy the vibrant atmosphere of the port city of Veracruz, where you can experience the lively music scene, sample the local cuisine, and walk along the Malecรณn.
- Visit the coffee plantations in the region of Coatepec, offering tours to learn about the coffee-making process and taste some of the best coffee in Mexico.
STATES OF MEXICO
Veracruz
31. Yucatan State
One of the most famous Mexico states, Yucatรกn is renowned for its Mayan heritage, evident in the world-famous archaeological site of Chichรฉn Itzรก, one of the New Seven Wonders of the World.
The state offers a unique blend of colonial history, natural beauty, including cenotes and beaches, and vibrant cultural traditions, particularly in the capital city of Mรฉrida.
Yucatรกnโs cuisine is distinct, with dishes such as โcochinita pibilโ (slow-roasted pork), โsopa de limaโ (lime soup with turkey), and โpapadzulesโ (egg-filled tortillas in pumpkin seed sauce), reflecting the stateโs Mayan heritage and local ingredients.
The best time to visit Yucatรกn is from November to February, when the weather is cooler and more comfortable for exploring archaeological sites and enjoying outdoor activities. This period also coincides with several cultural festivals in Mรฉrida.
Top 3 things to do in Yucatan:
- Visit Chichรฉn Itzรก to explore the majestic Kukulkan Pyramid and learn about the Mayan civilization.
- Swim in the cenotes, natural sinkholes with clear, cool water, which are scattered throughout the state.
- Experience the cultural and historical richness of Mรฉrida, known as the โWhite City,โ with its colonial architecture, lively markets, and museums.
STATES OF MEXICO
Yucatan
32. Zacatecas State
Zacatecas is known for its rich mining history, stunning colonial architecture, and cultural festivals.
The state capital, also named Zacatecas, is a UNESCO World Heritage site, celebrated for its beautifully preserved Baroque buildings and the El Edรฉn mine, which offers a unique underground tour.
The stateโs rugged terrain also offers opportunities for outdoor adventures, including hiking and zip-lining.
Zacatecasโ cuisine includes dishes such as โasado de bodaโ (wedding stew), โbirriaโ (spicy stew), and โenchiladas zacatecanasโ (enchiladas with a red chili sauce), reflecting the stateโs agricultural and ranching traditions.
It is also one of the Mexico states known for its artisanal cheeses and mezcal.
The best time to visit Zacatecas is from April to June and from September to November, when the weather is mild, and the state hosts several cultural festivals, providing visitors with a rich experience of its traditions and heritage.
Top 3 things to do in Zacatecas:
- Explore the historic center of Zacatecas City, taking a cable car ride for panoramic views of the city and visiting the Cathedral.
- Tour the El Edรฉn mine, learning about the stateโs mining history and exploring the underground passages.
- Participate in the cultural and religious festivals, such as the Feria Nacional de Zacatecas, which features concerts, bullfights, and parades.
STATES OF MEXICO
Zacatecas
FAQ: Mexican states
Does Mexico have 31 or 32 states?
Mexico consists of 32 states, although one (Mexico City) is called a Federal District or Distrito Federal (DF), hence the confusion. The 32 Mexican states are the following:
Aguascalientes, Baja California, Baja California Sur, Campeche, Coahuila, Colima, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Durango, Mexico City, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo Leรณn, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Yucatรกn, and Zacatecas.
How many US states were part of Mexico?
Ten US States were once part of Mexico: Arizona, California, Colorado, Kansas, Nevada, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas, Utah, and Wyoming.
What is Mexicoโs oldest state?
The two oldest states in Mexico are the state of Mexico State and Guanajuato. They were both acknowledged as free and sovereign states by the Congress of the Union on December 20, 1823.